The production of argan oil is a simple process that transforms the humble argan fruit into a precious oil commonly known as “golden liquid” This labor-intensive process has been going on for centuries in Morocco, where the argan tree grows from there. Although modern processes have been introduced to meet increasing global demand, traditional processes remain central to production, ensuring the highest quality oil while supporting local Travel the understanding of which goes from nuts to oils emphasizes the importance of each step in the production of this adored object.
1. Harvesting the Argan Nuts
Argan oil production begins with the harvesting of argan nuts, which grow on the argan tree (Argania spinosa). These trees are mainly found in the dry regions of southwestern Morocco and can live for more than 200 years.The eggs are encased in a dense shell inside the fleshy fruit, resembling a small green olive . . . .
- Seasonal Harvest: Argan berries are usually harvested in late summer, after the trees have ripened and fallen. Traditionally, Berber women from local cooperatives gather the fruit by hand, ensuring that only mature fruit is harvested. In some areas, ravens play a role in the harvest process by eating the fruit and leaving the eggs uneaten.
- Sustainable Practices: Argan oil production is deeply connected to sustainability. The argan forests are protected by UNESCO as a biosphere reserve, and the traditional harvesting methods ensure that the trees continue to thrive, preserving this valuable resource for future generations.
2. Drying and Cracking the Nuts
Once harvested, the argan berries are dried in the sun to remove the moisture. Once dry, the eggs detach from the yolk, exposing a hard inner shell that covers the oil-rich yolk.
- Manual Cracking: The next step is to crack open the argan berries and remove the nuts. This is one of the most labor-intensive steps in the process, often done manually. In local cooperatives, women use stones to carefully crack open the fruit without damaging the pulp. This process requires skill and precision, as the pulp is essential for obtaining high-quality oil.
- Kernel Extraction: In each fruit there are one to three small almond-shaped kernels. These palms are the source of the precious argan oil. In the case of cosmetic argan oil, the nuts are extracted raw, while if cooking oil is used, they are lightly fried for flavor.
3. Pressing the Kernels
Once the kernels are removed, they are ready to be pressed into oil. There are two main types of pressing: conventional hand presses and cold presses. Each method has its importance in ensuring the purity and quality of the oil.
- Traditional Hand Pressing: In the traditional method, the pulp is ground into a paste using a stone hand mill. Water was added to the dough and the oil was extracted by pressing the dough by hand. While this process is time-consuming, it is not a small amount of oil whose craft quality is highly valued.
- Mechanical Cold Pressing: To meet the global demand, many manufacturers have adopted cold pressing machines, which is a more efficient option. In this process, the kernel is compressed using mechanical pressure at low temperatures (below 60°C or 140°F), which extracts non-degradation of the oil and nutrients Cold pressing ensures that the oil contains beneficial properties, such as essential fatty acids, antibiotics and vitamins.
- Yields and Quality: The separation method is very productive. It takes about 30-40 kg of argan nuts to produce just one liter of oil. Despite the low yield, cold-pressed argan oil is considered to be of the highest quality, retaining its light, golden color and delicate fruity aroma.
4. Filtration and Bottling
Once pressurized, freshly extracted argan oil goes through a filtration process that removes any remaining solids and impurities. The number of extraction steps can vary depending on the degree of purification desired.
- Filtration Process: The oil is usually sifted several times to obtain a clear and refined product. Some manufacturers choose to use less filtration to preserve the oil’s natural viscosity, which contains other nutrients. However, most commercial argan oils are thoroughly filtered to give a clear, smooth ready-to-use oil.
- Bottling: Once extracted, the argan oil is stored in dark glass bottles that protect it from light and heat, which can damage its quality. The oil is then sealed, labeled and ready for distribution and sale. Proper storage is essential to maintain the freshness and longevity of the oil.
5. Quality Control and Certification
Quality control is key to the production of argan oil, ensuring that the final product reaches the highest levels of purity and quality. Many oil companies and producers in Morocco follow stringent quality control programs to ensure that the oil retains its beneficial properties.
- Organic Certification: Many producers of argan oil require organic certification, which assures that the oil is free of pesticides, chemicals and additives. Organic argan oil is produced using sustainable agricultural practices, making it appealing to consumers who put environmental and ethical standards first
- Fair Trade Certification: For many women in rural Morocco, the production of argan oil has become an important source of income. Fair trade certification ensures that these women are paid fair wages and work under safe conditions. Argan oil supporting fair trade helps empower these communities and helps preserve traditional ways.
6. The Final Product: Liquid Gold
The end result of this laborious process is the coveted argan oil, often referred to as the “golden liquid” for its incredible benefits and value. The journey from argan nut to oil is a testament to the dedication and expertise of the local people who have been perfecting this process for centuries
- Versatile Uses: Argan oil’s versatility is one of its greatest strengths. It is widely used in cooking and decorating. It’s prized in the kitchen for its fruity taste and health benefits, while the beauty industry is known for its moisturizing, anti-aging and nourishing properties
- Global Impact: Argan oil has gained international recognition and is now a key ingredient in many luxury skin and hair products. Despite its worldwide popularity, its production remains based on traditional practices and is a symbol of Morocco’s rich cultural heritage.
Argan oil production is a complex and labor-intensive process that turns the hard argan nuts into one of the world’s most valuable oils From the careful gathering and cracking of the eggs to the pressing and extraction of the oil so every step is necessary to ensure that this “juice” is good gold.” It carries history, tradition and knowledge, making it a truly unique and valuable product